The Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) and the Vanguard High Dividend Yield Index Fund ETF Shares (VYM) are both among the Top 100 ETFs. VOO is a Vanguard Large Blend fund and VYM is a Vanguard Large Value fund. So, what’s the difference between VOO and VYM? And which fund is better?
The expense ratio of VOO is 0.03 percentage points lower than VYM’s (0.03% vs. 0.06%). VOO also has a higher exposure to the technology sector and a higher standard deviation. Overall, VOO has provided higher returns than VYM over the past ten years.
In this article, we’ll compare VOO vs. VYM. We’ll look at risk metrics and holdings, as well as at their portfolio growth and performance. Moreover, I’ll also discuss VOO’s and VYM’s industry exposure, annual returns, and fund composition and examine how these affect their overall returns.
Summary
| VOO | VYM | |
| Name | Vanguard S&P 500 ETF | Vanguard High Dividend Yield Index Fund ETF Shares |
| Category | Large Blend | Large Value |
| Issuer | Vanguard | Vanguard |
| AUM | 753.41B | 48.5B |
| Avg. Return | 14.45% | 12.20% |
| Div. Yield | 1.34% | 2.79% |
| Expense Ratio | 0.03% | 0.06% |
The Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) is a Large Blend fund that is issued by Vanguard. It currently has 753.41B total assets under management and has yielded an average annual return of 14.45% over the past 10 years. The fund has a dividend yield of 1.34% with an expense ratio of 0.03%.
The Vanguard High Dividend Yield Index Fund ETF Shares (VYM) is a Large Value fund that is issued by Vanguard. It currently has 48.5B total assets under management and has yielded an average annual return of 12.20% over the past 10 years. The fund has a dividend yield of 2.79% with an expense ratio of 0.06%.
VOO’s dividend yield is 1.45% lower than that of VYM (1.34% vs. 2.79%). Also, VOO yielded on average 2.25% more per year over the past decade (14.45% vs. 12.20%). The expense ratio of VOO is 0.03 percentage points lower than VYM’s (0.03% vs. 0.06%).
Fund Composition
Industry Exposure
| VOO | VYM | |
| Technology | 24.24% | 9.77% |
| Industrials | 8.86% | 10.14% |
| Energy | 2.84% | 7.12% |
| Communication Services | 11.14% | 5.91% |
| Utilities | 2.43% | 7.27% |
| Healthcare | 13.1% | 13.61% |
| Consumer Defensive | 6.32% | 14.13% |
| Real Estate | 2.58% | 0.02% |
| Financial Services | 14.2% | 22.05% |
| Consumer Cyclical | 12.01% | 5.57% |
| Basic Materials | 2.27% | 4.41% |
The Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) has the most exposure to the Technology sector at 24.24%. This is followed by Financial Services and Healthcare at 14.2% and 13.1% respectively. Utilities (2.43%), Real Estate (2.58%), and Energy (2.84%) only make up 7.85% of the fund’s total assets.
VOO’s mid-section with moderate exposure is comprised of Consumer Defensive, Industrials, Communication Services, Consumer Cyclical, and Healthcare stocks at 6.32%, 8.86%, 11.14%, 12.01%, and 13.1%.
The Vanguard High Dividend Yield Index Fund ETF Shares (VYM) has the most exposure to the Financial Services sector at 22.05%. This is followed by Consumer Defensive and Healthcare at 14.13% and 13.61% respectively. Basic Materials (4.41%), Consumer Cyclical (5.57%), and Communication Services (5.91%) only make up 15.89% of the fund’s total assets.
VYM’s mid-section with moderate exposure is comprised of Energy, Utilities, Technology, Industrials, and Healthcare stocks at 7.12%, 7.27%, 9.77%, 10.14%, and 13.61%.
VOO is 14.47% more exposed to the Technology sector than VYM (24.24% vs 9.77%). VOO’s exposure to Financial Services and Healthcare stocks is 7.85% lower and 0.51% lower respectively (14.2% vs. 22.05% and 13.1% vs. 13.61%). In total, Utilities, Real Estate, and Energy also make up 6.56% less of the fund’s holdings compared to VYM (7.85% vs. 14.41%).
Holdings
| VOO Holdings | Weight |
| Apple Inc | 5.92% |
| Microsoft Corp | 5.62% |
| Amazon.com Inc | 4.06% |
| Facebook Inc Class A | 2.29% |
| Alphabet Inc Class A | 2.02% |
| Alphabet Inc Class C | 1.97% |
| Tesla Inc | 1.44% |
| Berkshire Hathaway Inc Class B | 1.44% |
| NVIDIA Corp | 1.37% |
| JPMorgan Chase & Co | 1.3% |
VOO’s Top Holdings are Apple Inc, Microsoft Corp, Amazon.com Inc, Facebook Inc Class A, and Alphabet Inc Class A at 5.92%, 5.62%, 4.06%, 2.29%, and 2.02%.
Alphabet Inc Class C (1.97%), Tesla Inc (1.44%), and Berkshire Hathaway Inc Class B (1.44%) have a slightly smaller but still significant weight. NVIDIA Corp and JPMorgan Chase & Co are also represented in the VOO’s holdings at 1.37% and 1.3%.
| VYM Holdings | Weight |
| JPMorgan Chase & Co | 3.53% |
| Johnson & Johnson | 3.28% |
| The Home Depot Inc | 2.59% |
| Procter & Gamble Co | 2.48% |
| Bank of America Corp | 2.35% |
| Exxon Mobil Corp | 2.02% |
| Comcast Corp Class A | 1.96% |
| Verizon Communications Inc | 1.75% |
| Intel Corp | 1.71% |
| Cisco Systems Inc | 1.69% |
VYM’s Top Holdings are JPMorgan Chase & Co, Johnson & Johnson, The Home Depot Inc, Procter & Gamble Co, and Bank of America Corp at 3.53%, 3.28%, 2.59%, 2.48%, and 2.35%.
Exxon Mobil Corp (2.02%), Comcast Corp Class A (1.96%), and Verizon Communications Inc (1.75%) have a slightly smaller but still significant weight. Intel Corp and Cisco Systems Inc are also represented in the VYM’s holdings at 1.71% and 1.69%.
Performance
Annual Returns
| Year | VOO | VYM |
| 2020 | 18.35% | 1.14% |
| 2019 | 31.46% | 24.2% |
| 2018 | -4.42% | -5.87% |
| 2017 | 21.78% | 16.42% |
| 2016 | 11.93% | 16.87% |
| 2015 | 1.35% | 0.33% |
| 2014 | 13.63% | 13.47% |
| 2013 | 32.33% | 30.26% |
| 2012 | 15.98% | 12.68% |
| 2011 | 2.09% | 10.5% |
| 2010 | 0.0% | 14.17% |
VOO had its best year in 2013 with an annual return of 32.33%. VOO’s worst year over the past decade yielded -4.42% and occurred in 2018. In most years the Vanguard S&P 500 ETF provided moderate returns such as in 2016, 2014, and 2012 where annual returns amounted to 11.93%, 13.63%, and 15.98% respectively.
The year 2013 was the strongest year for VYM, returning 30.26% on an annual basis. The poorest year for VYM in the last ten years was 2018, with a yield of -5.87%. Most years the Vanguard High Dividend Yield Index Fund ETF Shares has given investors modest returns, such as in 2012, 2014, and 2010, when gains were 12.68%, 13.47%, and 14.17% respectively.
Portfolio Growth
| Fund | Initial Balance | Final Balance | CAGR |
| VOO | $10,000 | $36,575 | 14.45% |
| VYM | $10,000 | $29,705 | 12.20% |
A $10,000 investment in VOO would have resulted in a final balance of $36,575. This is a profit of $26,575 over 10 years and amounts to a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.45%.
With a $10,000 investment in VYM, the end total would have been $29,705. This equates to a $19,705 profit over 10 years and a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.20%.
VOO’s CAGR is 2.25 percentage points higher than that of VYM and as a result, would have yielded $6,870 more on a $10,000 investment. Thus, VOO outperformed VYM by 2.25% annually.
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